DRISHTI IAS NTA UGC NET/JRF Shikshashastra Class Notes Part-V – Educational Management, Administration, Leadership & Inclusive Education | Hindi Medium

• Focused coverage of NTA UGC NET/JRF Education Paper-II – Unit IX & Unit X
• Detailed study of Educational Management and Administration
• Covers Institutional Planning, POSDCORB, CPM, PERT and SWOT Analysis
• Includes major management approaches such as Scientific Management, Administration as a Process and Bureaucratic Administration
• Covers Human Relations Approach, Organizational Development and Organizational Climate
• Detailed section on Leadership in Educational Administration
• Includes major leadership approaches and models such as Trait, Transformational, Transactional, Value-Based, Cultural, Psychodynamic and Charismatic Leadership
• Covers Blake & Mouton Managerial Grid, Fiedler Contingency Model, Path-Goal Theory, Hersey-Blanchard Model and Leader-Member Exchange Theory
• Comprehensive coverage of Quality in Education and Total Quality Management
• Includes Six Sigma, Quality Gurus, Change Management, Cost-Benefit and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
• Covers quality assurance agencies and concepts including NAAC, KPI, QCI and INQAAHE
• Detailed coverage of Inclusive Education
• Covers Special, Integrated and Inclusive Education
• Includes major Policies, Acts and Legal Provisions related to inclusive education
• Covers Impairment, Disability, Handicap and ICF Classification
• Includes learners with Intellectual, Physical and Multiple Disabilities
• Covers Inclusive Classroom Planning, Curriculum Adaptation, Assistive Technology and IEPs
• Includes the role of Parents, Peers, Professionals, Teachers and Schools
• Includes NTA/UGC-NET Previous Years’ Questions and practice questions
• 🇮🇳 Prepared in Hindi Medium for UGC NET/JRF Education Paper-II aspirants

The PDF is presented as NTA/UGC-NET/JRF Shikshashastra Class Notes from Drishti Publications. Part-V primarily covers Unit IX – Educational Management, Administration & Leadership and Unit X – Inclusive Education.

About these Class Notes

Drishti IAS NTA UGC NET/JRF Shikshashastra Class Notes Part-V are Hindi-medium study notes designed for candidates preparing Education Paper-II of the NTA UGC NET/JRF examination.

The first major section focuses on Educational Management, Administration and Leadership, covering management principles, institutional planning, project-management techniques, organizational development, leadership theories, quality assurance and change management.

The second major section covers Inclusive Education, beginning with its concept, principles and target groups and moving through legal provisions, classification of disabilities, identification of diverse learners, inclusive classroom planning, curriculum adaptation, assistive technology and stakeholder participation.

Together, these notes provide exam-oriented coverage of both the administrative and leadership dimensions of education and the principles and practices required for inclusive learning environments.

Key Areas Covered

• Educational Management
• Educational Administration
• Institutional Planning
• POSDCORB
• Critical Path Method – CPM
• PERT
• SWOT Analysis
• Scientific Management / Taylorism
• Administration as a Process
• Bureaucratic Administration
• Human Relations Approach
• Organizational Development
• Organizational Climate
• Leadership in Educational Administration
• Leadership Approaches & Models
• Managerial Grid
• Fiedler Contingency Model
• Path-Goal Theory
• Leader-Member Exchange Theory
• Quality in Education
• Total Quality Management
• Six Sigma
• Walter Shewhart, Edward Deming & C.K. Prahalad
• Change Management
• Cost of Quality
• Cost-Benefit Analysis
• Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
• NAAC
• Key Performance Indicators – KPI
• Quality Council of India – QCI
• INQAAHE
• Inclusive Education
• Special & Integrated Education
• Policies & Acts
• Impairment, Disability & Handicap
• ICF Classification
• Diverse Learners
• Inclusive Classroom Planning
• Curriculum Adaptation
• Assistive & Adaptive Technology
• Individualized Education Plan – IEP
• Parent & Professional Participation
• Peer Support
• Inclusive Teaching Methods

Table of Contents

Unit IX – Educational Management, Administration & Leadership

1. Educational Management & Administration

Meaning • Characteristics • Principles • Functions • Importance • Educational Administration

The notes explain educational management as an essential process for effectively operating educational institutions and coordinating human and institutional resources.

2. Institutional Planning

Meaning • Objectives • Functions • Characteristics • Problems • Principles • Role of Principal • Role of Teachers • Contribution of Students

3. POSDCORB, CPM & PERT

The detailed contents include:

POSDCORB • Critical Path Method (CPM) • Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) • PERT Network • Difference between PERT and CPM.

4. SWOT Analysis & Management as a System

SWOT Analysis • Features • Process • Systems Approach to Management

5. Scientific Management & Administrative Approaches

Taylorism / Scientific Management • Administration as a Process • Henry Fayol • Luther Gulick • Lyndall Urwick • Bureaucracy • Max Weber • Human Relations Approach • Hawthorne Experiments

6. Organizational Development & Climate

Organizational Compliance • Organizational Development • Organizational Climate • Factors Affecting Organizational Climate

Educational Leadership

7. Leadership – Meaning, Nature & Approaches

The notes cover leadership through several approaches:

Trait Approach • Transformational Leadership • Transactional Leadership • Value-Based Leadership • Cultural Leadership • Psychodynamic Leadership • Charismatic Leadership.

8. Leadership Models

The detailed table of contents includes:

Blake & Mouton Managerial Grid • Theory X & Theory Y • Fiedler Contingency Model • Path-Goal Theory • Three-Dimensional Model • Hersey-Blanchard Model • Leader-Member Exchange Theory.

Quality in Education

9. Quality Management

Indian and International Perspectives • Evolution of Quality • Quality Inspection • Quality Control • Quality Assurance • Total Quality Management • TQM in School & Higher Education

The notes describe the evolution of quality through four stages: Quality Inspection, Quality Control, Quality Assurance and Total Quality Management.

10. Six Sigma & Quality Gurus

Six Sigma • Certification & Belt Ranking • Walter Shewhart • Edward Deming • C.K. Prahalad

The PDF also includes exam-oriented questions on the benefits of applying Six Sigma in teacher education.

11. Change Management

Meaning • Stages of Change • Planned Change • Three-Stage Model • Japanese Model • Just-in-Time • Poka-Yoke

12. Cost & Quality Analysis

Cost of Quality • Types of Quality Cost • Cost-Benefit Analysis • Cost-Effectiveness Analysis • Educational Uses

13. Quality Assurance Agencies

The notes include:

NAAC • KPI • Quality Council of India (QCI) • INQAAHE.

The KPI section explains performance indicators as quantitative or qualitative measures used to assess progress toward organizational goals and discusses the SMART principle – Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Time-bound.

Unit X – Inclusive Education

1. Concept & Principles of Inclusive Education

Concept • Characteristics • Definitions • Principles • Scope • Need • Importance • Target Groups

The PDF presents inclusive education as an approach based on acceptance of diversity and equal access to education, regardless of learners’ social, cultural, physical or mental backgrounds.

2. Evolution of Inclusive Education

Special Education • Integrated Education • Inclusive Education

The notes explain the development and differences among these approaches, including their scope, process, importance and benefits.

3. Policies & Legal Provisions

The prescribed coverage includes major policies and provisions such as:

National Policy on Education 1986 • Programme of Action 1992 • Persons with Disabilities Act 1995 • National Policy for Persons with Disabilities 2006 • NCF 2005 • Rehabilitation Council of India Act 1992 • Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan • UNCRPD.

4. Impairment, Disability & Handicap

The notes cover the concepts of:

Impairment • Disability • Handicap • Classification of Disabilities through the ICF Model.

5. Diverse Learners & Educational Needs

The section includes identification, characteristics and educational needs of learners with intellectual, physical and multiple disabilities, along with causes and prevention of disability.

The detailed content also discusses characteristics of gifted learners, including social traits, educational achievement and participation in co-curricular activities.

6. Inclusive Classroom Planning & Management

Infrastructure • Human Resources • Instructional Practices • Curriculum Adaptation • Classroom Support

The PDF stresses the importance of accessible curricula, inclusive teaching practices and supportive school leadership in creating effective inclusive environments.

7. Assistive & Adaptive Technology

Products, Assistive Devices and Equipment • Adaptive Processes • Individualized Education Plans • Remedial Teaching

8. Participation of Parents & Professionals

The notes cover the roles of parents, peers, professionals, teachers and schools in supporting learners with diverse educational needs.

9. Barriers & Facilitators to Inclusive Education

Attitudinal Barriers • Social Barriers • Educational Barriers • Facilitating Factors • Contemporary Status in India • Ethical Issues • Research Trends

NTA UGC NET/JRF Previous Years’ Questions

The Part-V notes contain NTA/UGC-NET previous-year and practice questions related to both Educational Management and Inclusive Education.

The Educational Management section includes recent questions on quality indicators, Six Sigma, leadership behaviour and management concepts, including August 2024 questions.

The Inclusive Education section includes exam passages and questions from August 2024 dealing with the meaning, philosophy and implementation of inclusive education.

Suitable For

NTA UGC NET Education • UGC NET/JRF Shikshashastra Paper-II • Education Class Notes Hindi Medium • Educational Management • Educational Administration • Leadership • Quality Management • Inclusive Education • UGC NET Education Preparation