Product Description
▼Drishti IAS Geography – Biogeography & Environmental Geography | Optional Course
- Comprehensive coverage of Biogeography and Environmental Geography for Geography Optional preparation
- Covers Soil Profile, Soil Genesis, Soil Classification and World Distribution of Major Soil Types
- Includes important topics such as Soil Erosion, Deforestation, Social Forestry and Wildlife
- Covers the World Distribution of Plants and Animals
- Includes Major Gene Pool Centres
- Detailed coverage of Principles of Ecology and Human Ecological Adaptations
- Explains the Influence of Humans on Ecology and Environment
- Covers Global and Regional Ecological Changes and Imbalances
- Includes Ecosystem Management, Conservation, Environmental Degradation and Biodiversity
- Covers Environmental Policy, Environmental Hazards, Environmental Education and Legislation
- Designed as an Optional Course for Civil Services Examination
The book is titled Geography – Biogeography & Environmental Geography and is structured as part of the Optional Course for Civil Services Examination.
About this Book
Drishti IAS Geography – Biogeography & Environmental Geography is a focused study resource designed for aspirants preparing Geography as an Optional subject for the Civil Services Examination.
The book is divided into two major sections — Biogeography and Environmental Geography. The Biogeography section covers soil, vegetation, wildlife and the distribution of living organisms, while the Environmental Geography section addresses ecological principles, human-environment interaction, biodiversity, environmental degradation, management and conservation.
The soil-related portion begins with soil profile and soil genesis, explaining the structure of soil horizons, formation processes and the physical and biological factors involved in soil development.
The Environmental Geography section further explains ecological systems, adaptation, interdependence, networks, cycles, flows, development and dynamic balance, helping learners build a conceptual understanding of how natural systems function and interact.
Key Areas Covered
- Soil Profile – Horizons, characteristics and structure
- Genesis of Soil – Soil-forming processes and factors
- Classification of Soils
- World Distribution of Major Soil Types
- Soil Erosion
- Deforestation
- Social Forestry
- Wildlife
- World Distribution of Plants
- World Distribution of Animals
- Major Gene Pool Centres
- Principles of Ecology
- Human Ecological Adaptations
- Human Influence on Ecology & Environment
- Global & Regional Ecological Changes
- Ecosystem Management & Conservation
- Environmental Degradation
- Biodiversity & Sustainable Development
- Environmental Policy
- Environmental Hazards & Remedial Measures
- Environmental Education & Legislation
Table of Contents
1. Biogeography
Introduction • Soil Profile • Genesis of Soil • Classification of Soils • World Distribution of Major Soil Types • Soil Erosion • Deforestation • Social Forestry • Wildlife • World Distribution of Plants • World Distribution of Animals • Major Gene Pool Centres
The soil section explains a soil profile as a vertical section through different soil layers, with horizons differing in texture, colour, depth and chemical composition.
It also discusses major horizons including O, A, E, B and C horizons, with differences in organic matter, mineral content, leaching and parent material.
2. Environmental Geography
Principles of Ecology • Human Ecological Adaptations • Influence of Man on Ecology and Environment • Global and Regional Ecological Changes and Imbalances • Ecosystem Management and Conservation • Environmental Degradation, Management and Conservation • Biodiversity and Sustainable Development • Environmental Policy • Environmental Hazards and Remedial Measures • Environmental Education and Legislation
The ecology section defines ecology as the study of how living organisms interact with one another and with their surroundings. It discusses ecological principles such as speciation, diversity, habitat, adaptation and interdependence.
The book also explains ecological systems through concepts including networks, nested systems, cycles, flows, development and dynamic balance.
Human Ecological Adaptations
The section on human adaptation discusses how humans adjust to changing environmental conditions through biological and cultural adaptation.
Suitable For
Geography Optional • Civil Services Examination • UPSC Geography Optional • Biogeography • Environmental Geography • Ecology • Biodiversity • Environmental Management
