{"product_id":"drishti-ias-indian-polity-governance-class-notes-english-medium-upsc-cse","title":"DRISHTI IAS Indian Polity \u0026 Governance Class Notes, English Medium, UPSC CSE – English Medium","description":"\u003ch1 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eIndian Polity \u0026amp; Governance – GS (P+M) Foundation Course\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComprehensive Indian Polity \u0026amp; Governance Coverage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003edesigned for\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUPSC Civil Services Examination – Prelims \u0026amp; Mains\u003c\/strong\u003e, with focused alignment to\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGS Paper-II\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e44 structured chapters\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ecovering\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e39 chapters of Indian Polity\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e5 chapters of Governance\u003c\/strong\u003e, arranged for systematic UPSC preparation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eIndian Constitution Coverage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eincludes historical underpinnings, constitutional structure, salient features, Preamble, citizenship, amendments, Fundamental Rights, DPSPs, Fundamental Duties and Emergency Provisions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eExecutive, Legislature \u0026amp; Judiciary\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003etopics include President, Vice-President, Prime Minister, Parliament, Governor, Chief Minister, State Legislature, Supreme Court, High Courts and Subordinate Courts.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFederalism \u0026amp; Local Governance\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ecovers Union and its Territory, Indian Federalism, Centre-State Relations, Panchayats, Municipalities and devolution-related issues.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eConstitutional, Statutory \u0026amp; Regulatory Bodies\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eincluding Election Commission, UPSC\/SPSC, CAG, Finance Commission, Attorney General, Tribunals, NITI Aayog, NHRC, CVC, CBI, CIC, NGT, RBI, SEBI, CCI, TRAI and other bodies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDedicated Governance Section\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ecovering transparency, accountability, RTI, e-Governance, Citizens’ Charter, civil services, NGOs, SHGs, pressure groups and human capital.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eUPSC Prelims \u0026amp; Mains Trend Analysis\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eprovides year-wise examination relevance of Indian Polity and Governance topics, including trends up to\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2025\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eAbout This Book\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDrishti IAS Indian Polity \u0026amp; Governance – GS (P+M) Foundation Course\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eis designed for aspirants preparing for the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUPSC Civil Services Examination\u003c\/strong\u003e, with content structured around the requirements of\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrelims and GS Paper-II Mains\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe book combines the conceptual foundations of the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndian Constitution and political system\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ewith contemporary governance topics. It begins with constitutionalism, historical evolution and the structure of the Constitution, then progresses through rights, duties, institutions, federalism, legislature, executive, judiciary, constitutional bodies and local government before moving into Governance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe UPSC syllabus mapping in the book directly connects chapters with GS Paper-II themes such as\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndian Constitution, federal structure, separation of powers, Parliament and State Legislatures, Executive and Judiciary, Representation of the People Act, Constitutional Bodies and statutory\/regulatory\/quasi-judicial institutions\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eIndian Constitution \u0026amp; Core Polity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe foundational portion covers:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHistorical Underpinnings\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConstitutionalism\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStructure of the Constitution\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSalient Features\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePreamble\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnion and its Territory\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCitizenship\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAmendment of the Constitution\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFundamental Rights\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDirective Principles of State Policy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFundamental Duties\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe introductory chapters explain important concepts such as\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRule of Law, constitutional supremacy, limited government, separation of powers, protection of rights, judicial review and independent judiciary\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eExecutive \u0026amp; Legislature\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe book covers the structure and functioning of government at both Union and State levels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey topics include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePresident\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVice-President\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrime Minister\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnion Council of Ministers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCabinet Committees\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParliament\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGovernor\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChief Minister\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eState Council of Ministers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eState Legislature\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eParliament\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esection includes composition, Rajya Sabha, Lok Sabha, Representation of the People Acts, parliamentary proceedings, legislative procedure, Budget, government accounts, committees and parliamentary privileges.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eJudiciary \u0026amp; Dispute Resolution\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Judiciary section covers:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupreme Court\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh Courts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubordinate Courts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJudicial Review\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJudicial Activism\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePublic Interest Litigation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePendency of Cases\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNational Legal Services Authority\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlternative Dispute Resolution\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDispute Resolution Mechanisms \u0026amp; Institutions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis section is useful for understanding the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003estructure, independence, jurisdiction and functioning of the Indian judicial system\u003c\/strong\u003e, along with broader issues connected to justice delivery.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFederalism \u0026amp; Local Government\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe book provides detailed coverage of India's federal structure through:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndian Federalism\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCentre-State Relations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCooperative Federalism\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnion-State Executive Relations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFinancial Relations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGST and Centre-State Financial Relations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFinance Commission\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRole of Governor\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePanchayati Raj\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMunicipalities\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe UPSC mapping explicitly connects these topics with\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003edevolution of powers and finances to local levels and challenges associated with the federal structure\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eElections \u0026amp; Constitutional Bodies\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImportant institutional topics include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eElection Commission of India\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eElectoral Reforms\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRepresentation of the People Act\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnion Public Service Commission\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eState Public Service Commissions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComptroller and Auditor General\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFinance Commission of India\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAttorney General\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdvocate General\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNational Commission for Scheduled Castes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNational Commission for Scheduled Tribes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNational Commission for Backward Classes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpecial Officer for Linguistic Minorities\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eStatutory, Regulatory \u0026amp; Quasi-Judicial Bodies\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA dedicated chapter covers a broad range of important institutions, including:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNITI Aayog\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLokpal \u0026amp; Lokayukta\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNHRC \u0026amp; State Human Rights Commission\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNational Commission for Women\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNational Commission for Minorities\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCentral Vigilance Commission\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCentral Bureau of Investigation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCentral \u0026amp; State Information Commissions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNational Green Tribunal\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReserve Bank of India\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSEBI\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIRDAI\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompetition Commission of India\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTRAI\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUGC\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNational Medical Commission\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFSSAI\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNCDRC\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBar Council of India\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDGCA\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNHAI\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUIDAI\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGovernance, Transparency \u0026amp; Accountability\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Governance section aligns with major GS Paper-II themes such as\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003egovernment policies, development processes, transparency, accountability, e-Governance, Citizens’ Charter and role of civil services\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe dedicated chapter on\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGovernance, Transparency \u0026amp; Accountability\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eincludes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGood Governance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSocial Audit\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTransparency\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccountability\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRight to Information\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ee-Governance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCitizens’ Charter\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMeasures to Improve Transparency \u0026amp; Accountability\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe text also discusses key characteristics of good governance such as\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eparticipation, rule of law, accountability, transparency, responsiveness, effectiveness, efficiency and inclusiveness\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eRole of Civil Services in Democracy\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA separate chapter examines:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDemocracy and Bureaucracy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRole of Civil Services\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIssues Afflicting Indian Civil Services\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBureaucratic Reforms\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2nd Administrative Reforms Commission Recommendations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePersonnel Administration Reforms\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis section helps aspirants understand the relationship between the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003epermanent executive, political executive and democratic governance\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDevelopment Processes, NGOs \u0026amp; SHGs\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Governance section also covers:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThird Sector Organisations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNGOs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSelf Help Groups\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSocieties \u0026amp; Trusts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCooperative Societies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVoluntary Sector\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDevelopment Industry\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRole of Civil Society\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese topics correspond directly with the UPSC syllabus requirement concerning the role of\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNGOs, SHGs, associations, donors, charities and other stakeholders in development processes\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePressure Groups \u0026amp; Political Parties\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe book explains:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMeaning and Characteristics of Pressure Groups\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypes of Pressure Groups\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRole and Methods\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePressure Groups in India\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePolitical Parties\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDifference Between Political Parties and Pressure Groups\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eUPSC Prelims \u0026amp; Mains Trend Analysis\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe book contains dedicated trend analysis for\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndian Polity and Governance\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor Indian Polity, the Mains analysis covers topics such as:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConstitution \u0026amp; Comparative Constitutional Scheme\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFederal Structure \u0026amp; Local Government\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLegislature \u0026amp; Representation of the People Act\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExecutive\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJudiciary\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeparation of Powers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConstitutional, Regulatory \u0026amp; Quasi-Judicial Bodies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe trend table covers\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2013–2025\u003c\/strong\u003e, while the Prelims section presents year-wise Indian Polity question counts.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Governance trend analysis separately tracks questions relating to\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003egovernment policies, NGOs\/SHGs, governance, transparency, accountability, e-Governance and Citizens’ Charters\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eacross 2013–2025.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eIdeal For\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuitable for aspirants preparing for:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUPSC Civil Services Examination\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUPSC Prelims\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUPSC Mains GS Paper-II\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndian Polity for UPSC\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGovernance for UPSC\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGeneral Studies Foundation Course\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eState PCS and other Civil Services Examinations\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"DRISHTI PUBLICATIONS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52626940657944,"sku":"DP24194","price":347.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0961\/2686\/1592\/files\/Untitleddesign_3_4633c162-cea7-4729-8b21-b856dd42efaf.jpg?v=1788773792","url":"https:\/\/shop.drishtipublications.com\/products\/drishti-ias-indian-polity-governance-class-notes-english-medium-upsc-cse","provider":"Drishti Publications","version":"1.0","type":"link"}