{"title":"UPSC CLASS NOTES ENGLISH","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"drishti-ias-class-notes-cultural-history-of-india-gs-prelims-mains-foundation-course-for-upsc-civil-services-examination-paperback-dec-02-2025-drishti-publications","title":"DRISHTI IAS Class Notes Cultural History of India, GS Prelims + Mains Foundation Course, For UPSC Civil Services Examination Drishti Publications – English Medium","description":"\u003cp\u003eDRISHTI IAS Class Notes Cultural History of India, GS Prelims + Mains Foundation Course, For UPSC Civil Services Examination [Paperback] [Dec 02, 2025] Drishti Publications is designed to support students and aspirants in their exam preparation. It presents the syllabus in a structured and easy-to-understand manner, with clear explanations, important concepts, and practice questions to build confidence. The content is organised for quick revision, self-study and classroom use, helping learners strengthen fundamentals and improve their overall performance.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"DRISHTI PUBLICATIONS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51332922442008,"sku":"CHOI(ENG)","price":318.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0961\/2686\/1592\/files\/710jteBsR9L.jpg?v=1765456572"},{"product_id":"drishti-ias-upsc-gs-foundation-course-quick-books-combo-set-of-11-english","title":"DRISHTI IAS UPSC Class Notes Combo Set of 11, English Medium, IAS\/PCS – English Medium","description":"\u003ch1 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eDRISHTI\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eIAS GS (P+M) Foundation Course – Complete General Studies Book Set | UPSC Civil Services Preparation\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDrishti IAS\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGS (Prelims + Mains) Foundation Course Book Set\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eis a comprehensive subject-wise study resource designed for aspirants preparing for the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUPSC Civil Services Examination, IAS, State PCS and other competitive examinations\u003c\/strong\u003e. This\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e11-book General Studies set\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ebrings together major subjects across\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUPSC Prelims and GS Mains Papers I, II, III \u0026amp; IV\u003c\/strong\u003e, including History, Geography, Polity, Economy, Environment, Science \u0026amp; Technology, International Relations, Society, Internal Security and Ethics.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe books follow a structured\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGS (P+M) Foundation Course\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eapproach, helping aspirants develop conceptual understanding while connecting topics directly with important areas of the UPSC syllabus.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey Features\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e11 Subject-Wise Books:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eCovers major General Studies areas required for UPSC Civil Services preparation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePrelims + Mains Oriented:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eDesigned around a\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGS (P+M) Foundation Course\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eapproach for integrated preparation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eIndian Polity \u0026amp; Governance:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eConstitution, Fundamental Rights, DPSPs, federalism, Parliament, Executive, Judiciary, constitutional bodies, governance, transparency, accountability and civil services.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eIndian Economy:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ePlanning, national income, growth, development, employment, banking, monetary policy, agriculture, food security, reforms, infrastructure and external sector.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eIndia \u0026amp; World Geography:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ePhysical geography, atmosphere, climate, oceans, landforms, Indian geography, resources, industries and geophysical phenomena.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHistory \u0026amp; Culture:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eAncient and cultural history, Modern India, Freedom Struggle, post-Independence developments and important themes of World History.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEnvironment, Ecology \u0026amp; Disaster Management:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eEcosystems, biodiversity, environmental issues, sustainability, environmental governance and disaster-management-related preparation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eGeneral Science \u0026amp; Science \u0026amp; Technology:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eBiology, Chemistry, Physics, IT, Space Technology, Biotechnology, Nanotechnology, Robotics, Artificial Intelligence and other science-tech areas.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eInternational Relations:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eIndian foreign policy, neighbouring countries, bilateral relations, regional and global groupings, international organisations and Indian diaspora.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eIndian Society \u0026amp; Social Justice:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eDiversity, women, urbanisation, globalisation, social empowerment, communalism, regionalism, health, education, poverty and vulnerable sections.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eInternal Security:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eExtremism, terrorism, cyber security, communication networks, organised crime, border security and security forces.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEthics, Integrity \u0026amp; Aptitude:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eEthics, human values, attitude, emotional intelligence, civil-service values, probity, public administration and case-study preparation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eAbout this GS Foundation Course Set\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDrishti IAS GS (P+M) Foundation Course Book Set\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ebrings together\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e11 important General Studies subjects\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ein a coordinated preparation package for Civil Services aspirants.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRather than studying Prelims and Mains in complete isolation, these books provide subject-focused material suitable for building the conceptual base required for both stages of the examination.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe set spans topics from\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndian civilisation and constitutional development to contemporary governance, economy, international relations, technology, environment and internal security\u003c\/strong\u003e, giving aspirants broad coverage of the General Studies ecosystem.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBooks Included in the Set\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e1. Cultural History of India\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCovers major portions of\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAncient India and Indian cultural development\u003c\/strong\u003e, including historical sources, prehistoric cultures, Indus Valley Civilization, Vedic Age, Mahajanapadas, Mauryan Empire, post-Mauryan developments, Sangam Age and Gupta period.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe cultural component further includes themes such as\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndian architecture, sculpture and other dimensions of artistic heritage\u003c\/strong\u003e. The book, for example, discusses Harappan architecture and its urban-planning traditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e2. 🇮🇳 Modern India \u0026amp; World History\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCovers\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e18th-century India, European expansion, British rule, colonial policies, socio-religious reform movements, Revolt of 1857, Indian nationalism, Freedom Struggle and post-Independence India\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe World History component also addresses global transformations such as\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003erevolutions, imperialism and decolonisation\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e3. India \u0026amp; World Geography\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProvides extensive coverage of:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBasic Geographical Concepts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAtmosphere\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTemperature \u0026amp; Heat Budget\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePressure \u0026amp; Wind Systems\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWeather \u0026amp; Climate\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOceans\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCyclones \u0026amp; Anticyclones\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJet Streams\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEarth \u0026amp; Landforms\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndian Physiography\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrainage \u0026amp; Climate\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNatural Vegetation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNatural Resources\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndustries \u0026amp; Economic Geography\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e4. Indian Polity \u0026amp; Governance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCovers core constitutional themes such as:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHistorical Underpinnings of the Constitution\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePreamble\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCitizenship\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFundamental Rights\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDirective Principles\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFundamental Duties\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAmendments\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFederalism \u0026amp; Centre-State Relations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParliament \u0026amp; State Legislatures\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePresident, Prime Minister \u0026amp; Governor\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupreme Court \u0026amp; High Courts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConstitutional Bodies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePanchayats \u0026amp; Municipalities\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Governance portion includes\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003egovernment policies, NGOs, SHGs, development processes, pressure groups, transparency, accountability, e-governance and role of civil services\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e5. Indian Economy\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCovers important\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUPSC Economy\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eareas such as:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNational Income\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrowth \u0026amp; Development\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePlanning\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eResource Mobilisation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePoverty, Unemployment \u0026amp; Inequality\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInclusive Growth\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMoney \u0026amp; Banking\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMonetary Policy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePublic Finance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInflation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFinancial Markets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAgriculture\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFarm Subsidies \u0026amp; Food Security\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFood Processing\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLand Reforms\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEconomic Reforms\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExternal Sector\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndustrial Sector\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInfrastructure\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnergy \u0026amp; Services\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e6. Environment \u0026amp; Ecology and Disaster Management\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDesigned for\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUPSC Environment and Disaster Management preparation\u003c\/strong\u003e, with coverage extending across environmental concepts, ecosystems, biodiversity, sustainable development and environmental governance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImportant areas include\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEnvironmental Impact Assessment and Sustainable Development\u003c\/strong\u003e, including institutions and frameworks such as CBD, UNFCCC and UNCCD.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e7. General Science \u0026amp; Science \u0026amp; Technology\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProvides integrated preparation for basic science and contemporary technology.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMajor topics include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBiology \u0026amp; Human Body\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGenetics \u0026amp; Nutrition\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiseases\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMatter, Atoms \u0026amp; Molecules\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChemistry\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMotion, Energy \u0026amp; Gravitation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHeat, Waves, Sound \u0026amp; Light\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eElectricity \u0026amp; Magnetism\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eModern Physics\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDefence \u0026amp; Nuclear Technology\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpace Technology\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInformation \u0026amp; Communication Technology\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBiotechnology\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNanotechnology\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRobotics\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArtificial Intelligence\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSuperconductivity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e8. International Relations\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCovers\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndia’s Foreign Policy and India’s engagement with the world\u003c\/strong\u003e, including:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eForeign Policy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndia \u0026amp; South Asia\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndia-Afghanistan\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndia-Pakistan\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndia-Nepal\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndia-Bhutan\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndia-Bangladesh\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndia-Sri Lanka\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndia-Maldives\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLook East Policy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndia-Myanmar\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndia-Japan\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndia-Singapore\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInternational Organisations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndian Diaspora\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e9. Indian Society \u0026amp; Social Justice\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCovers GS Paper-I and GS Paper-II topics such as:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSalient Features of Indian Society\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnity in Diversity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWomen \u0026amp; Women’s Organisations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUrbanisation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGlobalisation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSocial Empowerment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecularism\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCommunalism\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRegionalism\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHealth\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEducation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePoverty \u0026amp; Hunger\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVulnerable Sections\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWelfare Schemes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e10. Internal Security\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFocuses on important\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUPSC GS Paper-III Internal Security\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003etopics, including:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDevelopment \u0026amp; Extremism\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTerrorism\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eState \u0026amp; Non-State Actors\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNorth-East Security Challenges\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMedia \u0026amp; Social Media\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCyber Security\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInformation \u0026amp; Communication Security\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrganised Crime\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMoney Laundering\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBorder Security\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecurity Forces \u0026amp; Agencies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e11. Ethics, Integrity \u0026amp; Aptitude\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStructured for\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUPSC GS Paper-IV\u003c\/strong\u003e, covering:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEthics \u0026amp; Human Interface\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHuman Values\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAttitude\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEmotional Intelligence\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAptitude\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImpartiality\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eObjectivity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEmpathy \u0026amp; Compassion\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePublic Service\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEthics in Public Administration\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProbity in Governance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCode of Ethics \u0026amp; Conduct\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCitizen’s Charter\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCorruption\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEthics in International Relations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCase Studies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Ethics material also provides a structured approach to\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ecase-study answer writing\u003c\/strong\u003e, including identification of ethical issues, stakeholders and moral dilemmas.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSuitable for UPSC Prelims + Mains\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis set provides subject-wise preparation material relevant to:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUPSC Prelims | UPSC Mains GS Paper 1 | GS Paper 2 | GS Paper 3 | GS Paper 4 | IAS Civil Services Examination | State PCS | Civil Services Foundation Preparation\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is especially useful for aspirants looking for a single\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGeneral Studies book combo\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ecovering the major static subjects needed throughout the UPSC preparation cycle.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"DRISHTI PUBLICATIONS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52616064827672,"sku":"CN003","price":3999.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0961\/2686\/1592\/files\/hado_189ab92e-5696-499f-939e-ce6012abddab.jpg?v=1790143418"}],"url":"https:\/\/shop.drishtipublications.com\/collections\/upsc-class-notes-english.oembed","provider":"Drishti Publications","version":"1.0","type":"link"}